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Chairman of the Iraqi Revolutionary Command Council
5th President of Iraq (July 16, 1979 – April 9, 2003) Saddam Hussein (Sadam Husein) President of Iraq, Pictures and photo gallery in his life and trial Birth name: Saddam Hussein Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti صدام Øسين عبد المجيد التكريتي Born: April 28, 1937 Tikrit, Iraq Died: December 30, 2006 (aged 69)Kadhimiya, Iraq. Religion: Sunni Muslim Spouse(s): -Sajida Talfah (1963 - December 30, 2006)(His Dead). Saddam Hussein Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti (Arabic: صدام حسين عبد المجيد التكريتي April 28, 1937 - 30 December 2006) was the fifth President of Iraq and Chairman of the Iraqi Revolutionary Command Council from 1979 until his overthrow by US forces in 2003. He was executed after being found guilty of war crimes at his trial in 2006. He was a member of the revolutionary Ba'ath Party, which espoused secular pan-Arabism, economic modernization, and socialism. Saddam played a key role in the 1968 coup that brought the party to long-term power. As vice president under the ailing General Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr, Saddam tightly controlled conflict between the government and the armed forces—at a time when many other groups were considered capable of overthrowing the government—by creating repressive security forces. In the early 1970s, Saddam spearheaded Iraq's nationalization of the Western-owned Iraq Petroleum Company, which had long held a monopoly on the country's oil. Through the 1970s, Saddam cemented his authority over the apparatuses of government as Iraq's economy grew at a rapid pace. As president, Saddam maintained power through a combination of the skilful use of patronage and the employment of systematic state terror, aided by a pervasive security apparatus. Upwards of 200,000 people were estimated to have been killed or "disappeared" during his rule, and at least a million more were killed during the Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988) and the first Persian Gulf War (1991); he was dubbed the "Butcher of Baghdad" for the scale of bloodshed that he incurred and reportedly embraced the nickname. During and after these conflicts, Saddam used large-scale repression to crush rebellions he deemed threatening to the stability of Iraq, particularly Shi'a and Kurdish movements seeking to overthrow the government or gain independence, respectively. While he attracted support from the Arab public outside Iraq for opposing the United States and Israel, the international community continued to view Saddam with deep suspicion following the 1991 Gulf War. Iraq remained subject to crippling international sanctions until the 2003 invasion of Iraq by the United States and its allies. Deposed by the invasion, Saddam was captured by US forces on December 13, 2003 and was brought to trial under the newly-created Supreme Iraqi Criminal Tribunal. On November 5, 2006, he was convicted of charges related to the executions of 148 Iraqi Shi'ites as a collective punishment for an assassination attempt against him in the town of Dujail, and was sentenced to death by hanging. His execution was carried out on December 30, 2006. |
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